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The difference between switching to IQOS and continuing to smoke cigarettes Response to the article entitled “PMI’s own in vivo clinical gegevens on biomarkers of potential harm in Americans voorstelling that IQOS is not detectably different from conventional cigarettes,” by Stanton Glantz, 2018 Switching from menthol cigarettes to menthol tobacco heating system could reduce disease risk A clinical investigation analyzing biomarkers of exposure and potential harm.

Electrical current means charged particles called electrons are flowing through the metal. As the electrons move, they bounce off ofwel atoms in the metal.

These sheets are then crimped and made into the stick shape. Our resistive and induction HTPs use different tobacco units, specially designed for the latest device, while our carbon-heated tobacco product also incorporates a similar tobacco plug into its ontwerp.

[36] A dit jaar animal study showed that heated tobacco emissions did not increase surfactant lipids and proteins, inflammatory eicosanoids and their metabolic enzymes, and several ceramide classes in HTP-exposed mice when compared with their counterparts that were exposed to cigarette smoke. It also discovered that even with reduced toxicants in HTP emissions, overuse (40 tobacco sticks per day) can still lead to eosinophilic pneumonia in humans.[36]

report was that “all studies were conducted by suitably qualitied and trained Principle Investigators”, and that PMI had “taken steps to address any reported irregularities in our studies”.133

Nicotine can lead to vasoconstriction of uteroplacental vessels, which reduces the delivery of both nutrients and oxygen to the fetus. As a result, nutrition is re-distributed to prioritize vital organs, such as the heart and the brain, at the cost of less vital organs, such as the liver, kidneys, adrenal glands, and pancreas, which can lead to underdevelopment and functional disorders later in life. Animal research in regards to maternal nicotine exposure on rats showed a direct adverse impact on pancreas development by reducing endocrine pancreatic islet size and number, here which was accompanied by a decrease in gene expression of specific transcription factors and blood glucose regulating hormones such as insulin and glucagon.

It primarily looks at how the tobacco industry uses its own scientific studies, and the concept of harm reduction, to further its business goals.

"By offering a verscheidene portfolio ofwel potentially less harmful smoke-free products, our goal is to provide adult smokers who would otherwise continue to smoke cigarettes with a suitable alternative that allows them to fully switch."

Companies have referred to these types ofwel product as ‘next generation products’ (NGPs) although terminology changes over time.

29 concluded that the tobacco industry’s early HTP pursuits were primarily driven by non-health related reasons: to evade smoke-free regulations and to complement, rather than compete with, conventional cigarettes.

Onderzoek suggests that heated tobacco products and their emissions contain many of the same harmful ingredients as regular cigarettes, as well as other harmful ingredients not present in regular cigarettes.

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profits. Taxes on heated cigarettes and pods should be high and equivalent to taxes on conventional cigarettes.

In 2020, BAT and PMI had active legal claims against each other, in relation to patents for the tobacco heating technology in IQOS